In Aortic stenosis the cardiac output is initially maintained at the cost of a increasing pressure gradient across the aortic valve. This causes hypertrophy of LV (left ventricle) and compromise the coronary flow. Patients may develop angina even in the absence of coronary heart disease. Thus the fixed cardiac output limit the increased cardiac output required during exercise. Finally LV (left ventricle) fails to overcome the outflow tract obstruction and pulmonary oedema will develop. Those with aortic stenosis typically remain asymptomatic for many years but rapidly deteriorate when symptoms develop, and death ensues within 3 to 5 years.
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