Hematochezia means passage of red blood per rectum. usually indicate bleeding from a source distal to the ligament of Treitz ,this can also occur from massive upper GI bleed.
It is due to the following causes
- Bleeeding from lower Gastrointestinal tract
- Massive bleed from upper Gl transit time is reduced
This may be due to bleed from small intestine, colon, or anal canal.
Small intestine
- Mainly vascular ectasia and tumors
- Adenocarcinoma, lymphoma
- Leiomyoma, Meckel's diverticulum
- Benign polyp
- Ischemic, Crohn's, NSAID - Erosion/ulcer
- Hemorrhoids, fissure in ano
- Angiodysplasia
- Polyposis, diverticulosis
- IBD, Ischemic colitis
- Ca colon, solitary rectal ulcer.
