There are several neurological disorders that have a predilection for the olivary nucleus. These include:
Olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA): OPCA is a group of disorders that involve degeneration of the olivary nucleus, the pontine nuclei, and the cerebellum. OPCA is characterized by progressive problems with motor coordination and balance, as well as eye movement abnormalities and speech difficulties.
Multiple system atrophy (MSA): MSA is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects multiple areas of the brain, including the olivary nucleus. MSA is characterized by a range of symptoms, including problems with motor coordination and autonomic function, as well as speech and swallowing difficulties.
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA): Some forms of SCA, including SCA type 6, are associated with degeneration of the olivary nucleus. SCA is a group of inherited disorders that affect the cerebellum and its associated circuits, causing problems with motor coordination and balance.
Holmes tremor: Holmes tremor is a rare movement disorder that is characterized by a combination of rest, postural, and action tremors. It is typically caused by damage to the cerebellum and its associated circuits, including the olivary nucleus.
Dystonia: Dystonia is a movement disorder that is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions that cause repetitive movements or abnormal postures. Some forms of dystonia are associated with dysfunction of the olivary nucleus and its connections, including the cerebellum.
These disorders have different underlying causes and can have variable presentations, but they all share a predilection for the olivary nucleus and its associated circuits.