Exploring Radiofemoral Delay: Understanding Its Mechanisms and Identifying Its Causes

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What is Radiofemoral Delay and What are its Causes? Radiofemoral delay is a clinical sign indicative of a significant delay between the palp...

Newer Targets for Treatment of Asthma: A Glimpse into the Future

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Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, affects millions of people worldwide. Desp...

Assessment of Patient Fitness for Thoracic Surgery

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Thoracic surgery, involving procedures on the lungs, heart, and other structures within the chest cavity, is a major intervention that can p...

Understanding the Oxygen Dissociation Curve

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The oxygen dissociation curve is a graphical representation that delineates the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in...

Physiological changes in lung at high altitude and pathophysiology of high altitude pulmonary edema

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At high altitudes, where the oxygen concentration in the air is lower, the body undergoes several physiological changes to adapt to the redu...

Normal process of respiration, Oxygen uptake in the blood and elimination of CO2 from the body

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Respiration is the process by which living organisms take in oxygen from the environment and release carbon dioxide. In humans, respiration ...

Chemical Carcinogens: An In-depth Overview

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Chemical carcinogens are substances that can contribute to the development of cancer by causing changes (mutations) in a cell's DNA or l...

Pain Management in Patients with Spinal Cord Compression

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Spinal cord compression (SCC) is a serious condition that occurs when a mass places pressure on the spinal cord. This pressure can originate...

Role of Surgery in Abdominal Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

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Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies of the lymphatic system. While the disease primarily involves lymph no...

Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid: A Comprehensive Overview

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Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare but distinctive type of thyroid cancer that originates from parafollicular C cells, which produc...

CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Breast Cancer: An In-depth Analysis

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  Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment landscape for hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metas...

Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation in Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

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Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive type of lung cancer characterized by rapid growth and a propensity for early metastasis. Desp...

Liquid Biopsies in Solid Tumors: A Comprehensive Overview

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A paradigm shift in the management and treatment of solid tumors is underway, led by the emergence of 'liquid biopsies.' This non-in...

WHO Classification of Brain Tumors and Molecular Changes in Brain Tumors: Emerging Treatment Options for Gliomas

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Brain tumors are complex and diverse neoplasms that pose significant challenges in terms of diagnosis and treatment. The World Health Organi...

Limitations of Currently Available eGFR Equations (estimated glomerular filtration rate): A Comprehensive Analysis

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The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a widely used measure of kidney function that helps assess the filtration capacity of the...

Importance of Urinalysis in Kidney Diseases

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Urinalysis is a key diagnostic tool in the field of nephrology. It involves the examination of urine for various parameters, including color...

Pathology of HIV-Associated Nephropathy (HIVAN)

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HIV-Associated Nephropathy (HIVAN) is a progressive kidney disease associated with advanced HIV infection. It is one of the most common caus...

Renal Handling of Magnesium: Physiology and Clinical Significance

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Magnesium, the second most abundant intracellular cation, plays a vital role in many physiological processes, including energy metabolism, c...

Phosphatonins: Physiology and Clinical Significance

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Phosphatonins are a group of hormones that play a critical role in phosphate homeostasis, regulating phosphate reabsorption in the renal tub...

Physiology of Solute Removal in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

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Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) is a type of peritoneal dialysis that allows for the removal of solutes and waste products ...

The Role of Kidneys in the Pathogenesis of Primary Hypertension

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Primary hypertension, also known as essential hypertension, is a multifactorial disease whose exact cause remains largely unknown. However, ...