Structures normally palpable in abdomen

Structures normally palpable in abdomen are
  • Lower border of liver in the epigastrium
  • Aorta, lower pole of Right kidney
  • Rectus abdominis and digitations
  • Colon in Left iliac fossa and
  • Caecum - Right iliac fossa
  • Loaded colon with faeces - Usually intended with examiner's finger
  • Distended bladder
When an organ is enlarged, assess the following:
  • Edge or border (sharp or rounded)
  • Surface (smooth or nodular)
  • Consistency (soft, firm or hard)
  • Presence of tenderness
  • Movement with respiration.