Showing posts with label cranial nerve. Show all posts
Showing posts with label cranial nerve. Show all posts

Physiology of Ocular Movement

›
There are 3 planes of movement of eyeball Vertical plane  Adduction - Medial rectus  Abduction - Lateral rectus Horizontal plane  E...

Anatomical peculiarity of facialnerve

›
Facial nerve is a Sensorimotor nerve with the following functions Special visceral efferent (facial muscle) General visceral efferent (s...

Branches facial nerve

›
Branches at the Geniculate ganglion   Greater superficial Petrosal nerve -supplies secretomotor fibers to lacrimal gland Braches of Ve...

Course of the facial nerve -the 7th cranial nerve

›
Key anatomical area you should remember in relation to anatomy of the facial nerve are the following Pons CerebelloPontine angle Inte...

Size of Pupils and clinical significance

›
Normal size of pupil varies from 3 to 5 mm.  Pupils < 3mm  size in average condition of illumination are called miotic and pupils > ...

Anatomical peculiarities of 3,4,6th cranial nerve

›
The 3rd cranial nerve-oculomotornerve The oculomotor nuclear complex is located in the the middbrain at the level of superior colliculus. ...

Myerson's sign clinical significance

›
Myerson's sign also called as glabellar tap sign is a medical condition where a patient is unable to resist blinking when tapped on th...

How to elicit Glabellar tap?

›
The glabellar tap is a primitive reflex where the eyes shut if an individual is tapped lightly between the eyebrows. This reflex may normal...

How to elicit Corneal Reflex?

›
How do you elicit corneal reflex ?  Ask the patient into the distance or at the ceiling. The cornea at its conjunctival margin is touched ...

How to examine for strabismus or squint?

›
Strabismus or squint is tested  by cover test or redglass test Red Glass Test To identify the defective eye in diplopia Patient is asked...

Some common features of Olfaction and Taste Sensations

›
Features of Olfaction The olfactory fibres donot relay in the thalamus Bacterial and viral infections (URI) can cause loss of olfaction ...

Neuroanatomy of the Olfactory Nerve

›
1.Afferent fibers are situated in the olfactory mucosa.Central process of sensory cells of olfactory epithelium the  20 unmyelinated fibers...

Course of Facial nerve the 7 th cranial nerve

›
Important areas related to the course of facial nerve are the following. Pons. Cerebellopontine(CP)angle. Internal auditory meatus. ...

Light reflex - the test for second and third cranial nerve

›
Afferent pathway - Optic nerve. Efferent pathway - Oculomotor nerve. Centre - Midbrain. Pathway of light reflex 1.Exposure of eye...

The accommodation or near reflex

›
Accomodation reflex involve a triad of changes when a person looks at a nearby object. 1. Convergence of eye due to contraction of m...