MedicosNotes.com

Examination of hand reveals specific features of systemic diseases. Cold clammy hand with peripheral  cyanosis indicate shock Col...

Dorsalis pedis pulse is  located on top of the foot, immediately lateral to the extensor of hallucis longus (dorsalis pedis artery). Th...

There are 3 planes of movement of eyeball Vertical plane  Adduction - Medial rectus  Abduction - Lateral rectus Horizontal plane  E...

1. Expose one upper limb adequately. 2.Use adequate lighting. 3.Tie the sphygmomanometer ruff around the arm. 4.Mark out a circle o...

Miosis is defined as Pupil size is < 2 mm Following are the common causes of miosis Old age Homer's syndrome Drugs or toxins ...

Mydriasis is defined as Pupil size > 5 mm Constrictors ol the pupil are supplied by parasympathetics via the oculomotor nerve while the...

Normal size of pupil varies from 3 to 5 mm.  Pupils < 3mm  size in average condition of illumination are called miotic and pupils > ...

The 3rd cranial nerve-oculomotornerve The oculomotor nuclear complex is located in the the middbrain at the level of superior colliculus. ...

Rapid involuntary conjugate saccadic movement of eyes It is described as rapid, involuntary, multivectorial (horizontal and vertical), unp...

Dyspepsia is a term to denote a variety of alimentary symptoms arising form upper gastrointestinal tract. Symptoms  includes  Upper abdo...

Past history is very important in gastrointestinal system History of Jaundice indicate viral hepatitis Drug intake - history of drug ...

Patient is asked to sit and the angle formed by the 12th rib and lateral border of erector spinae muscle is pressed by the ball of the thum...

Lower Pole of right kidney is normally palpable. Left kidney is usually not palpable unless either low in position or enlarged  Though k...

Unilateral causes of palpable kidney Dropped kidney (can be pushed to its normal position). Unilateral hydronephrosis or pyonephrosis. ...

For purposes of description abdomen is conveniently divided into 9 regions by the intersection of imaginary planes there are 2 horizontal a...

Surface marking of kidney is done by drawing the Morris parallelogram . Two parallel horizontal lines are drawn on the back at the levels...

Surface marking of upper border of liver Upper border of right lobe corresponds to the level of 5th rib, 2.5 cm medial to the right midcla...

Spleen is situated behind 9th, 10th and 11th ribs with its long axis along the line of 10th rib; anteriorly it extends to mid axillary line...

Gall bladder is situated at the junction of 9th costal cartilage and outer border of right rectus abdominis muscle Grey-Turner’s Method D...

Ask the subject to open his mouth widely and then touch the mucous membrane covering the palate using a spatula. This produces reflex contr...