Clinical approach to DIPLOPIA (Binocular and Uniocular)

Diplopia

Detailed examination reveals no obvious extra ocular muscle weakness.

Diplopia is due to failure of fusion of images.

Types of diplopia : There are two types

1. Binocular
2. Uniocular

Uniocular

1.     Diplopia that persists even when patient closes one eye.
2.     Diplopia improves with pin-hole

What are the causes of Uniocular

1. Ocular causes: Example : Refractive errors
2. Occipital lobe lesions
3. Functional cause

Binocular

Patients with diplopia may not always have the issue of double vision.

What are the causes of  Binocular

1. Diplopia is due failure of fusion of images.
2. Normally fusion can occur only when the images fall on corresponding
3. parts of the retina and when the images are similar.

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12. Clinical approach to DIPLOPIA (Binocular and Uniocular)